Isnin, 24 Disember 2012

The Malaysian Insider :: Food

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The Malaysian Insider :: Food


Behold, the Australian Women’s Weekly Cake Table!

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 05:16 PM PST

The famed cake table of China House often drew crowds as diners would stop and admire the selection even before they are seated. – Pictures by K.E. Ooi

GEORGE TOWN, Dec 25 – There's luscious tiramisu, creamy cheesecakes, decadent chocolate confections, all manner of fruit made into cakes—apple, rum and raisin cake or coconut cake with lime curd… yes, name a cake of your fantasy and you're likely to find it on the Cake Table at China House.

At any time of the day, you will find a crowd gathered around a long table groaning under a variety of rich, unique and utterly gorgeous cakes, pastries and baked goods inside Kopi C of China House.

Loosely nicknamed the "Australian Women's Weekly Cake Table" by owner Narelle McMurtrie because of its vast variety of unique cakes and baked goods reminiscent of that ubiquitous magazine of a certain generation's childhood — the Australian Women's Weekly!

Never heard of the magazine? Doesn't matter... this particular section of the restaurant is the first to draw diners' attention even before they are seated.

This is because at any point of time, this table is laden with a smogasbord of desserts and baked savoury goodies like pizza, quiche, bread and pies... it's a gorgeous (not to mention tempting) table and very often you find people taking photographs of it too.

Check out the spread on the long wooden table at China House.

Everything is made from scratch at Beach St Bakery, China House's very own bakery, and it is here you find cakes unavailable elsewhere on the island. After all, the bakery has more than 140 different cake recipes under its impressive repertoire of delicious baked goods.

Instead of serving the usual boring chocolate cakes or plain cheesecakes day in day out, the bakery churns out about 30 different types of cakes, tarts, slices, breads and pastries every day.

So, if you fall in love with a particular cake, say the chocolate raspberry layer cake, you may not get to taste it on the next visit but you will probably be satisfied with the chocolate berry torte or another similar cake with the perfect combination of chocolate and berries.

But their signature cake — the one that everyone must try at least once when they dine at China House — is the creamy tiramisu.

More than 10 of these tiramisu cakes are baked and sold every day.

This light concoction of fresh cream, sponge cake with just the slightest hint of Kahlua is a sell-out on most days as the bakery has to churn out more than 10 of these every day.

Cakes are not the only dessert that this restaurant has to offer as it also has a wide range of homemade ice cream and we are not talking about simple flavours such as vanilla, chocolate and strawberry.

If you've ever wondered what it is like to add chili padi to ice cream, you should absolutely drop by at China House to try it out.

Another local flavour not to be missed is the gula melaka ice cream, certainly not something you can buy off the shelves at supermarkets!

Care for a slice of delicious chocolate berry torte?

China House is housed within three linked beautifully restored heritage houses along Beach Street and Victoria Street.

Not just a restaurant or café, China House is more of a lifestyle space consisting of various sections such as Kopi C Espresso, BTB Restaurant, art gallery, The Canteen and Bar and The Courtyard Café and Burger Bar.

Open from 9am till late, especially if there are performances at The Canteen, this eatery and bar is very much the in-place for the young and modish crowds at night or simply for those who appreciate wholesome great food and wonderful desserts in a relaxing environment all day long.

A slice of tiramisu coming right up.

By the way, Penangites have a habit of ordering their cakes and eating it BEFORE their meals at China House. Maybe it's because they're afraid their favourite cake will be sold out before they are ready for their dessert!

One chef, one ingredient: Jacques and Laurent Pourcel on lemons

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 02:11 AM PST

Laurent and Jacques Pourcel are the chefs of Jardin des Sens in Montpellier (Southern France). – All rights reserved

LOS ANGELES, Dec 24 – If you are what you eat, then it could be said that chefs are what they cook. In an exclusive series from Relaxnews, some of the top chefs from around the world share their favourite food ingredient to prepare and eat, every week.

Whether it be peas, apricots, or sea urchin, the answers are as varied as the chefs themselves. This week, twin brothers Jacques and Laurent Pourcel, chefs of Jardin des Sens in Montpellier, Southern France, chose lemons.

Relaxnews: Why did you choose this ingredient?

Jacques Pourcel: I chose lemon because it is an essential ingredient for our preferred type of cuisine. My twin brother and I favour a sun-drenched cuisine that draws on the flavours of the southern Mediterranean, a cuisine of defined tastes, strong flavours, colour and passion.

R: What's your favourite memory associated with the ingredient?

Laurent Pourcel: Lemon is something we were constantly exposed to throughout our childhood. We were born by the Mediterranean Sea and as a family we would eat considerable quantities of fresh fish and seafood, always accompanied by a hint of lemon juice and olive oil, the perfect accompaniment. As the years went by, lemon juice and the tartness it bestows has been a recurrent thread in the creation of our dishes. Later we discovered the flavours of its peel and learned to play with its acidic quality and our eyes were opened to its numerous forms and varieties. From the yellow lemon of Menton to those from Morocco, from lime to kaffir, Yuzu and citrus caviar – it's a citrus fruit that is full of surprises.

R: When is the best season for cooking them? 

JP: A key advantage of lemons is that they transport well and can easily be stored. Coming from all around the world, each fruit has its season depending on its provenance. Whether from the South of France, Spain, Morocco, Asia or Australia, lemons are essentially in season year round.

R: What's the best way to cook with them?  

LP: The lemon's juice will provide an acidity that will essentially be used with fish and seafood preparations ... Adding a bit of lemon juice in a sauce, right before it's served, will give your dishes a little kick. Uncooked juice also is an important component of fish marinades for instance, for carpaccios, or simply on raw shellfish. Lemon juice can also play a key role in food preservation. Commonly used in pastry preparation, it's a must for lemon meringue pies, fouace brioches, cakes and biscuits.

JP: In our cooking, we take lemon's versatility even further. We use preserved lemons, in both sugar- and salt-based preserves – two distinct preparations that allow us to flavour our dishes and give them our signature flavour. We use lemon preserves quite extensively, mostly sugar-preserved ones, because they are easier to incorporate than salt-preserved ones, which are traditionally Moroccan. Whether sugar- or salt-preserved, we use lemon confit as a condiment.

R: What other product can you combine them with to impress your guests?

JP: Salt-preserved lemons work well with meat dishes, especially stews and braised meats. Sugar-preserved lemon is more easily paired with foie gras for instance, or fish or pasta dishes.

R: What are the most common mistakes people make when cooking with them?

LP: Whether in sweet or savoury dishes, using too much or the wrong amount can ruin dishes and preparations. When using lemon juice, too much acidity will mask other flavours, so it's necessary to taste the dish to avoid adding too much. Also, don't let the juices reduce too much – otherwise they become inedible.

R: How do you integrate this ingredient into your restaurant menu?

JP: For a few years, we've featured lemon confit on our menu as an accompaniment to a filet of sea bass cooked over low heat with a side of green asparagus from the Languedoc region. We also often use it to accompany our seared foie gras; we think it's the perfect match.

R: What wine (or other type of alcohol) is best paired with it?

JP: It's not easy to choose an accompaniment for a preparation based on the lemon flavour alone.  A wine needs to go well with the main product that makes up the dish. A wine flavour in the sauce, for instance, would help guide the choice of wine. Of course, to go with a fish dish with a hint of tartness I would favour a Chardonnay from Languedoc. – AFP/Relaxnews


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The Malaysian Insider :: Sports

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Inter defender Chivu snubs calls for Romania return

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 05:37 AM PST

BUCHAREST, Dec 24 — Inter Milan defender Cristian Chivu has refused to come out of international retirement to help Romania in next year's 2014 World Cup qualifiers.

"I was clear and concise two years ago and I do not know why every time I have to repeat the same thing," Chivu, capped 75 times by the Balkan country, told local media today.

The versatile 32-year-old defender, who joined Inter from AS Roma for a reported fee of 16 million euros (RM62.4 million) in 2007, quit the national team in May last year, saying that age and injuries were behind his decision.

This month, however, Romania coach Victor Piturca said he was planning to meet Chivu in Milan before Christmas or at the beginning of 2013, to try to persuade him to end his international exile.

"I miss the national team but I will not return," Chivu added. "The team can do without me, I liked how they played in Turkey (when Romania beat Turkey 1-0 in a world qualifier in October)."

Chivu has just recovered from a toe injury and played in Inter's 2-0 win over Verona in a Coppa Italia last-16 match on Tuesday and the 1-1 draw with Genoa on Saturday, his only appearances this season.

Romania are third in World Cup qualifying Group D with nine points from four matches, three behind leaders the Netherlands.

The Balkan side, who have not qualified for the World Cup finals since 1998, will resume their campaign in March with a much-anticipated visit to second-placed neighbours Hungary, who also have nine points. — Reuters

Van Persie has made same impact as Cantona, says Ferguson

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 05:16 AM PST

Manchester United's Robin Van Persie celebrates his goal against Manchester City during their English Premier League soccer match at The Etihad Stadium in Manchester, northern England December 9, 2012. — Reuters pic

MANCHESTER, Dec 24 — Robin van Persie's impact at Manchester United has been similar to the stunning transformation brought about by the signing of Eric Cantona, according to manager Alex Ferguson.

Dutch striker Van Persie has scored 15 goals since signing from Arsenal, drawing comparisons with Frenchman Cantona whose arrival at Old Trafford was the catalyst for United to win the league title for the first time in 26 years.

"I reckon here at Manchester United we got our Christmas present early - right at the start of the season in fact when Robin van Persie arrived at Old Trafford," Ferguson has written in the programme for Wednesday's home game against Newcastle United.

"I am reluctant to subscribe to the cult of an individual because I firmly believe the essence of a successful football team depends on teamwork, and neither are we a one-man team, but sometimes there really is a situation where you are lucky enough to find the last piece of the jigsaw."

Cantona was signed from Leeds United for 1.2 million pounds (RM5.9 million) in 1992 with Ferguson's team languishing in eighth place in the table.

But he galvanised the side with his flair and a regular supply of goals, his arrogance and charisma inspiring a team who went on to win the 1993 title by 10 points, the first of Ferguson's 12 Premier League crowns.

"We did it when we brought Eric Cantona to Old Trafford where he proved to be the right player at the right club at the right time," Ferguson said.

"He became the catalyst and springboard for our surge to success.

"It doesn't have to be signing someone for a record fee. Cristiano Ronaldo was not a record buy either but he certainly made a difference as he prospered with us to the extent that he came to be regarded by a lot of people as the world's best player," added Ferguson.

Van Persie has formed a prolific attacking partnership with Wayne Rooney which has lifted United four points clear at the top of the Premier League and on course for a 20th English title.

They lost out to neighbours Manchester City on goal difference last season after the teams finished level on points at the end of the 38-match campaign. — Reuters

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The Malaysian Insider :: Breaking Views

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The Malaysian Insider :: Breaking Views


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The Malaysian Insider :: Features

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Seven fitness and wellness trends in 2013

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 06:17 AM PST

Bloggers and experts predict that CrossFit will become a household name in 2013. – shutterstock.com

LOS ANGELES, Dec 24 – What are some of the hottest trends emerging in the fitness and health scene in 2013? Look for amped-up yoga festivals, CrossFit madness, green juices over coffee, and the year of the HIIT.

For weeks, fitness bloggers and industry experts have been trendspotting for next year, and here is the best of the best on the horizon.

Functional training: Sure, it's a fitness buzzword, but with most adults spending up to 20 hours a day sitting or sleeping, this technique targets a range of fitness needs in a short amount of time, says blog FoodandFitnessPro. Look for an upswing in classes such as TRX suspension training, P90X, bootcamp and kettlebell workouts, all designed to build strength for real-world activities.

Juice is king: According to Well+Good NYC, juice is the new coffee. Juices are a US$5 billion (RM15.33 billion) business in the US and are expected to grow by four to eight per cent a year, according to Barron's. Brace yourself for boutique juice shops and high-end urban cafes cold-pressing produce.

HIIT – or high-intensity interval training: The buzz over HIIT is only going to get stronger next year, bloggers say, as the principle of short, quick, intense workouts gets applied to everything from track drills to swimming to push-ups.

CrossFit craze: CrossFit hit the global mainstream with its hellish workouts done in short, intense bursts. But soon most everyone will chatting about WODs as the brand expands even further next year. CrossFit's full product line and Reebok-backed annual competition on ESPN2 only reinforces the brand that much further.

Fitness studios go online: A slew of fitness brands in New York, such as Barre 3 and Physique 57, have introduced online workouts, and that trend is expected to expand, allowing people around the globe to partake in hot new classes. The concept – pay for a live class or pay a monthly fee for unlimited access – is the business model of choice for cult-like celebrity trainers Mary Helen Bowers (Ballet Beautiful), Simone De La Rue (BBS TV), and Terri Walsh (ART Virtual Studio).

Yoga festival overload: While the Yoga Journal Conference in the US is the "mother of them all," writes Well+Good NYC, Wanderlust yoga-music festivals have grown to include six annual festivals, including events in Oahu, Chile, and Whistler. Also urban pop-up versions will likely blossom, and regional festivals are predicted to expand. Even Burning Man in California, a week-long music and art festival for the raving masses, has added yoga.

Wacky 5K races: This year zombie mania has expanded to fitness, with undead zombies chasing down participants in a series of 5K obstacle courses dubbed Run for Your Lives. Also Color Run 5Ks races – in which runners wear white T-shirts and get doused in coloured powder-paint along the course – have swelled in popularity in the US and have expanded to Australia. Some bloggers are predicting events such as a Hunger Games themed obstacle race springing up in 2013. Watch: youtube.com/watch?v=4EERSfHiqT8 – AFP/Relaxnews

Skulls, bones draw crowds to Europe’s second ossuary

Posted: 23 Dec 2012 09:12 PM PST

Skulls at an ossuary with the remains of more than 50,000 people on October 19, 2012 under the Church of St. James in Brno. – AFP pic

BRNO, Dec 24 – Dim lighting and quiet music accompany a faint smell of decomposing skeletons to complete a ghoulish ambiance that is proving to be a hit with visitors to a giant bone repository in the Czech Republic.

The long-forgotten ossuary in the southern city of Brno opened its doors to the public this year with a display of the best-preserved remains of tens of thousands of souls.

The collection is Europe's second largest after a repository in Paris.

"Some skulls are penetrated by a sword or bullet," said Petra Kacirkova, head of the local tourist information centre.

Some were victims of an unsuccessful Swedish siege during the Thirty Years' War of 1618-48, while others succumbed to the plague or cholera, or simply died by accident.

"A few of them injured their heads in dark cellars, for instance by nails," Kacirkova added.

Forgotten for some 200 years, the ossuary was discovered by chance in 2001 during building work under St James church in the heart of Brno.

Researchers spent a decade uncovering the remains, most of which came from a local German enclave, according to Kacirkova.

"An estimate based on the volume of skeleton dust showed there were about 50,000 bodies, but later calculations revised that number up," she said.

"I suppose there are more dead people to be found," she added, pointing at a pile of bones neatly arranged in a niche against a brick wall.

Built atop a smaller Romanesque church dating to the 13th century, the Gothic-style St James church with its soaring vaulted ceilings was encircled by a cemetery which was closed in 1784.

Under imperial reforms effected at the time, cemeteries were banned within the city walls, and many gravestones were used to pave the streets of Brno.

After the St James cemetery was abandoned, its auxiliary ossuary was also closed and forgotten for centuries.

"The burials lasted 500 years, roughly from the 13th century. People bought the graves for 10 to 12 years, then the bones were exhumed and stored in the church's underground chambers," Kacirkova said.

The venue, which has attracted 20,000 visitors since it opened in June, cost about 40 million koruna (RM6.5 million) to open to the public. Half of the total was covered by the European Union, which the Czech Republic joined in 2004.

Death is omnipresent in the vaulted cellar, which features gravestones and modern sculptures alongside the skulls and bones.

Soft music by a local modern composer creates a solemn, pious atmosphere.

A marble wall at the street-level entrance lists the names of some of the people laid to rest there. Above it, a prayer inscribed in Latin reads, "Eternal rest grant unto them, O Lord, and may perpetual light shine upon them".

An underground chapel contains some of the best-preserved skulls. In the centre of this grim room, a pillar of skulls and bones reaches to the ceiling near a tall cross and two coffins, one containing the bones of a 13-year-old child, the other a skeleton of a grown man.

Architect Ales Svoboda, who refurbished the ossuary's interior, insists that every effort was made to preserve its character and to handle the remains with due respect.

With piety in mind, Svoboda designed wire baskets supporting the bones to make glue or cement unnecessary.

"It's very impressive, very apt, and done with taste," Michael Holland, a tourist from Britain, told AFP.

Then he admitted: "But it is a little bit creepy." – AFP-Relaxnews

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The Malaysian Insider :: Showbiz

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The Malaysian Insider :: Showbiz


Quentin Tarantino unchains America’s tormented past in ‘Django’

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 06:10 AM PST

Director Quentin Tarantino poses for a portrait while promoting his movie "Django Unchained" in New York December 16, 2012. — Reuters pic

LOS ANGELES, Dec 24 — Twenty years after Quentin Tarantino unveiled his first film "Reservoir Dogs," the director has turned his eye to America's slavery history, spinning a blood-filled retribution tale in his trademark style for "Django Unchained."

Tarantino, 49, has become synonymous with violence and dark humour, taking on the Nazis in "Inglourious Basterds" and mobsters in "Pulp Fiction."

In "Django Unchained," to be released in US theatres on Christmas Day, he fuses a spaghetti Western cowboy action adventure with a racially charged revenge tale set in the 19th century, before the abolition of slavery in the United States.

Jamie Foxx stars as a slave whose freedom is bought by a former dentist, played by Christoph Waltz. The two set off as bounty hunters, rounding up robbers and cattle rustlers before turning their attention to brutal plantation owners in America's Deep South.

Tarantino is well-versed in delivering violence. But the director said he faced "a lot of trepidation" about filming the slavery scenes. He has already come under fire from some critics for the frequent use in the film of the "N-word" - a racial slur directed at blacks.

The director said he was initially hesitant to ask black actors to play slaves who are shackled and whipped, and even considered filming outside of the United States.

But a dinner with veteran Oscar-winning actor Sidney Poitier, whom Tarantino called a "father figure," changed his mind after Poitier urged him to not "be afraid" of his film.

"This movie is a deep, deep, deep American story, and it needed to be made by an American, and it needed to star Americans. ... Lots of the movies dealing with this issue have usually had Brits playing Southerners and it creates this arm's-distance quality," Tarantino said.

Much of the film's more graphic slavery scenes, such as gladiator-style fights to the death and being encased naked in a metal hot box in the heat of the Southern sun, are drawn from real accounts.

"We were shooting on hallowed ground. This was the ground of our ancestors. ... Their blood was in the grass, there's still bits of flesh embedded in the bark," Tarantino said.

The film has received good reviews from critics and is expected to add Oscar nominations in January to its five Golden Globe nods.

With the exception of Waltz, who plays eccentric German bounty hunter Dr. King Schultz, the majority of the main players are not only American but from the South.

"It seemed sacred to us, and we couldn't help but channel those emotions, everybody on the crew and on the set. ... Those were very moving days," Tarantino said.

'Despicable' characters

Tarantino reunited with Waltz, who won an Oscar in 2010 for his role as a menacing Nazi officer in "Inglourious Basterds," and long-time collaborator Samuel L. Jackson, who plays slave housekeeper Stephen, a character who Tarantino described as "the most despicable black (character)" in movie history.

"Stephen might be frankly the most fascinating character in the whole piece, and it was important to deal with that whole upstairs-downstairs aspect of the Antebellum South," he said.

The role that has people talking is Leonardo DiCaprio's first villainous turn as a racist plantation owner - a stark contrast from his Hollywood heartthrob "Titanic" days and roles as eccentric Americans in "The Aviator" and "J. Edgar."

Asked how he felt to be the first director to make DiCaprio a villain, Tarantino laughed, saying he felt "pretty darn good about it." He commended DiCaprio for turning into a "Southern-fried Caligula," referring to the tyrannical ancient Roman emperor.

"I saw him as a petulant boy emperor. ... He has nothing but hedonistic hobbies and vices to indulge him, and it's almost as if he's rotting from the inside," Tarantino said.

The film's female lead, Django's wife Broomhilda played by Kerry Washington, moves away from Tarantino's fierce screen women such as Uma Thurman in "Kill Bill" and Diane Kruger in "Inglourious Basterds."

Tarantino said Broomhilda was meant to be the "princess in exile." He said he was "annoyed" when he was asked by a friend why Broomhilda did not exact revenge on her abusers in the same way as Thurman's "Kill Bill" character. The film, he said, is "Django's story."

"It invokes ... that odyssey that Django goes on and gives the black slave narrative the romantic dimensions of great opera or great folklore tales," Tarantino said. — Reuters

‘Hobbit’ slays competition for second weekend in a row

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 01:49 AM PST

Still from 'The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey' with Martin Freeman as Bilbo Baggins. — AFP-Relaxnews pic

LOS ANGELES, Dec 24 — Hordes of North American moviegoers flocked to theaters to watch "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey," launching the "Lord of the Rings" prequel to box office gold for the second weekend in a row.

Industry estimates said "The Hobbit" earned US$36.7 million (RM110.1 million) Friday to Sunday.

In its opening weekend, the film scored US$84.6 million in the US and Canada, and US$138.2 million internationally, for an estimated global total of US$223 million, according to New Line Cinema, which said it was the biggest opening for any "Lord of the Rings" film.

Box office watchers said it was the biggest December opening in motion picture history.

The epic stars Martin Freeman of British TV's "Sherlock" fame and Ian McKellen, reprising his role as Gandalf the Grey. It was directed by Peter Jackson based on the classic fantasy novels by J.R.R. Tolkien.

Well behind in second place was newcomer "Jack Reacher," a crime drama featuring Tom Cruise investigating fictional shootings by a trained military sniper.

The film opened with a US$15.6 million take at the box office, according to industry tracker Exhibitor Relations.

Judd Apataw's comedy "This is 40," billed as "a sort-of sequel" to the 2007 film "Knocked Up," debuted in third position, taking in US$12 million.

That pushed "Rise of the Guardians," a Dreamworks holiday confection featuring Jack Frost, the Tooth Fairy, the Sandman and a tattooed Russian Santa Claus, into fourth place with US$5.9 million.

"Lincoln" - starring Daniel Day-Lewis as the 16th US president - picked up US$5.6 million, good for fifth place. The film got a bump after earning seven Golden Globe nominations earlier this month, the most of any film this year.

Two more newcomers took sixth and seventh place.

"The Guilt Trip," about a mother-son road trip starring Barbra Streisand and Seth Rogan, earned US$5.4 million; and the 3D version of the 2001 animated hit "Monsters, Inc," which took in US$5 million.

"Skyfall," the 23rd episode of the James Bond spy thriller series, dropped to eighth place, with US$4.7 million.

The ninth place spot was claimed by "Life of Pi," a 3D fantasy by Oscar-winning director Ang Lee based on a Booker Prize-winning novel about an Indian boy adrift on a lifeboat with a Bengal tiger in the Pacific. It earned US$3.8 million.

And rounding out the top 10 with US$2.6 million was "The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn," the last installment in the wildly popular vampire series. — AFP-Relaxnews

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The Malaysian Insider :: Opinion

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On the teaching of English

Posted: 23 Dec 2012 03:55 PM PST

DEC 24 – Declining English proficiency standards among our students has been a major concern for years and apparently we are now keen on bringing in English teachers from India to address the issue. At first I thought I had stumbled onto a satire piece, but a quick check confirmed that I was reading a valid news report from a reliable news portal.

Importing English teachers from India will not solve this problem, because it is yet another short-sighted quick-fix that superficially attempts to cure deep-rooted problems in our English education system.

Misguided teaching approach

The teaching approach is the biggest problem with our English education system. At the heart of it, our education system attempts to teach English to our students the same way it teaches all the other subjects: by drilling bits and pieces of it into their heads in an exam-oriented environment.

Hence our English classrooms continue to be defined by teacher-centric methods, especially the chalk-and-talk variety1 whereby students sit quietly and give their undivided attention without interrupting the teacher speaking in front. Drilling students by going through past-year examination questions, work sheets and exercise books remain the preferred method of teaching2.

We focus on tangible skills that we can measure in examinations. By drowning our students in grammar rules and specific language mechanics that the students are to master in classroom-specific situations, we hope that mechanically going through exercise after exercise ad infinitum will confer on our students the perfect mastery of English.

However, language learning doesn't work that way. Our approach continues to neglect the sociocultural aspects of language learning3 and does not sufficiently expose our students to actual communicative uses of what they have learned, the ins and outs and exceptions that govern English as a tremendously tricky language.

The system presents English as a subject that can be mastered by mindless repetition of exercises like Mathematics, whereas it is actually the opposite. No one learns a language by endlessly answering grammar questions; people learn a new language by speaking it, using it, reading it, singing it, listening to it — regularly using it in real situations in which language is used.

Instead of proficient English speakers, this system produced a new breed of students and graduates who can pass examinations but have no actual competency in productively using English when they need to outside of examinations2, thereby creating illusions of proficiency derived from paper qualifications. The teaching system doesn't work, and the ones with good or at least passable English are usually those whose families encourage the use of English, even if the English in use isn't perfect, i.e. they learn English outside of school.

A question of mentality

In addition to the problem of how we teach English, the general attitude of most Malaysians towards English remains negative. English is viewed as a necessary evil — just another subject in school that their kids must study and get good grades in, not a second language to master as a valuable skill.

As a result school is the only place where our students encounter English in a meaningful way. Outside of the English classroom, English is hardly, if at all, used, and sometimes even actively avoided. Those using English or even stray English words here and there are still stigmatised in school and in social groups, accused of betraying their native tongue or aspiring to be "Mat Salleh."

This creates students lacking in both enthusiasm and interest in learning English within an environment that already does not encourage English use4 in the first place, further hampering the learning process.

A case study analysing 72 essays written by Form Four students in a semi-urban secondary school found that on the whole, students have not mastered basic grammatical structures despite going through 10 years of learning English in school5. In 2010, an employability study found that as many as 88 per cent of our graduates are "unemployable" with poor English cited as one of the primary reasons6. These are but a taste of the situation today.

We can bring in the best teachers from around the globe, but without a mentality conducive to English learning, it will not make much of a difference. Addressing the negative mentality towards English as a second language that is still prevalent among Malaysians should be high up our priority list in this matter.

Native-speaking vs non-native speaking teachers

Bringing in English teachers from India does not directly address either issue. Debate rages on about the benefits of native-speaking English teachers (NSET) as compared to the plusses of a non-native-speaking English teacher (NNSET), so let us compare both.

A NSET brings the advantage of innate "feel" for English that non-native speakers struggle for years to (and in some cases may never) attain. They know the language inside-out. They also come with a deep understanding of the cultural background behind specific words and their usage in different contexts, offering deeper insight into a higher level of English usage. Moreover, they provide a fluent and natural model of speech that students can emulate and learn from.

However, NNSETs have themselves gone through the learning process, they've been there and done it, and they know how to guide their students around potential pitfalls that would otherwise hamper progress — aided by good understanding of the students' own cultural background and how that impacts the learning process.

In fact, the NNSET's proficiency may serve to encourage the students further, since they prove that proficiency is not beyond reach — the teacher is a living example of the success they are pursuing. NNSETs also understand the mother tongue of their students, and are thus able to help explain and derive equivalences between English and Malay for example which would help students better understand what they are learning.

NSETs and NNSETs both come with their own advantages with regards to English teaching. While the effectiveness of either over the other is arguable, what is clear is that bringing English teachers from India to address our failing English standards will not work because they are NNSETs without the advantages held over NSETs.

Hurdles for "import"  teachers

Granted, they themselves were English as Second Language (ESL) students, but without a good command of Malay, Mandarin or the other native tongues we have in Malaysia, their communication with our students will be limited to English, which is what our students are having problems with. They would have lesser understanding of our different cultures and even less of how it impacts our students' learning.

The major advantage of NNSETs over NSETs is the ability to draw parallels between English and the native tongue of the student. This helps tremendously because we lean on our native tongues to absorb and master another language. If we take that ability away, what does the teacher have left?

And thus if this importing goes through, we will be spending resources in the assumption that the teachers we are importing bring some vital Indian ingredients of English teaching expertise — that our own local teachers are lacking — which will offset their disadvantage of not having the cultural understanding or common non-English language to communicate to our students with.

However, the Indian education system itself revolves around rote learning7, not much different from our own public education system which has been noted as "responsible for a memory-based learning designed for the average student." Despite having an estimated 350 million English speakers in 20057, that can perhaps be attributed to the prevalent use of English in India (it is one of their national languages) as opposed to the effectiveness of their English education system. Will bringing their teachers to our shores make a difference, then?

Long-term perspective

Even assuming that the above assumption is true, the fact remains that we cannot sustainably depend on foreign expertise in something as fundamental as language teaching in our own schools. Short-term quick-fixes only address our problem superficially; sustained effort must go towards addressing the core of the problem if progress is to be made in solving it.

Amid these considerations, the more prudent thing to do would be to take a long hard look at why the current system isn't working (some reasons being outlined above), and take politics out of the equation as we find long-term solutions that will address the heart of the matter, not merely increase the number of passing students per year.

Maybe revise our teaching approach and develop a suitable, effective and Malaysia-specific one that resolves the weaknesses of our current methods. Maybe resources should instead go into improving and training our English teachers' capabilities as well as developing a sustainable way of producing effective local ESL teachers for our schools.

Maybe alleviate the get-good-grades-in-exams pressure when it comes to English and actively cultivate an interest in learning English as a second language within our society, not just another subject to pass as we keep churning out mechanical grammar bots who can't speak coherent English.

Long-term solutions may not be politically popular, and we will not see quick results measurable in terms of our annual examination statistics, but surely the importance of good English command among our citizens go beyond getting favourable statistics. After all, our students should not be seen as "guinea pigs" as we experiment with endless quick-fixes hoping for instant results. Their futures are at stake.

References

[1] Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2003). Education development plan 2001-2010. Kuala Lumpur.

[2] Ambigapathy, P. (2002). English language teaching in Malaysia today. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 22(2), 35-52. (Online) Retrieved 30 January, 2011 from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0218879020220205#preview

[3] Normazidah Che Musa et al. Exploring English Language Learning And Teaching In Malaysia. GEMA Online™ Journal of Language Studies 35 Volume 12(1), Special Section, January 2012, 35–51.

[4] Nor Hashimah Jalaludin, Norsimah Mat Awal & Kesumawati Abu Bakar.( 2008). The mastery of English language among lower secondary school students in Malaysia: A linguistic analysis. European Journal of Social Sciences, 7 (2), 106-119.

[5] Saadiyah Darus & Kaladevi Subramaniam. (2009). Error analysis of the written English essays of secondary school students in Malaysia: A case study. European Journal of Social Sciences, 8 (3), 483-495.

[6] http://thestar.com.my/metro/story.asp?file=/2010/4/1/north/5963162&sec=north

[7] Gretchen Rhines Cheney, Betsy Brown Ruzzi and Karthik Muralidharan. (2005). A Profile of the Indian Education System. Paper prepared for the New Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce.

[8] Nagaraj, Shyamala, Chew Sing Buan, Lee Kiong Hock, and Rahimah Ahmad. (2009).  Education and Work: The World of Work. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.

* The views expressed here are the personal opinion of the columnist.

Kisah dari Kubur Hindu

Posted: 23 Dec 2012 03:41 PM PST

Raman (kanan) dan Lakshumanan mahu meneruskan tradisi keluarga.

24 DIS – Saya ada menulis makalah dalam empat bahagian bertajuk "Menghadapi Kematian" mengenai upacara menyempurnakan jenazah mengikut budaya India-Hindu di The Malaysian Insider (29 Oktober – 19 November 2012).

Rencana umum itu adalah berdasarkan pembacaan, pemerhatian dan pengalaman. Bagaimanapun, pada 15 Disember 2012, saya berpeluang bertemu petugas tanah perkuburan Hindu di Buntong, Ipoh dan mendapatkan pelbagai maklumat tambahan.

Apabila peluang pertemuan itu dikemukakan oleh Neelakanthan Munisamy, maka saya dan Murugan Alimuthu yang kebetulan menemani beliau untuk membuat satu lagi wawancara di Kampung Kacang Putih terus bersetuju.

Pasangan kembar Raman dan Lakshumanan, 41 tahun, menyambut kunjungan kami dengan gembira. Ternyata kami amat bertuah kerana keluarga itu yang menguruskan tanah perkuburan berkenaan selama enam keturunan sejak sekitar 200 tahun dahulu biasanya tidak mahu diwawancara mana-mana media; lebih-lebih lagi berikutan suatu isu yang berlaku baru-baru ini.

Namun, Neelakanthan berjaya mengatur pertemuan khas ini. Menurut Lakshumanan, tanah perkuburan Hindu di Buntong itu berusia lebih 300 tahun tetapi kebanyakan kubur rosak atau musnah berikutan pengeboman tentera Jepun semasa Perang Dunia Kedua.

"Keturunan sebelah datuk saya datang dari Chettinad, Tamil Nadu, India dan terlibat dalam kerja-kerja pengurusan kubur dan pembakaran mayat mengikut tradisi Hindu. Selepas datuk kami, Muniandy, bapa kami, Balachendran pula mengambil alih tugas di sini. Kini, saya pula meneruskan tradisi itu dengan bantuan adik-beradik," beliau menceritakan sebelum membawa kami melawat sekitar tanah perkuburan di sebelah rumah.

Harus juga saya akui bahawa apabila tiba di tanah perkuburan dan melihat suasana di sana, saya segera teringat akan filem "Pitha Magan" (2003) lakonan Vikram dan Surya. Namun, pasti ada perbezaan antara layar perak dan realiti.

Setiap kubur ada cerita tersendiri mengenai si mati dan keluarga yang masih hidup.

Gaji kubur sejak kanak-kanak

Agak menarik bahawa pasangan kembar Raman dan Lakshumanan serta adik-beradik mereka adalah pemegang ijazah sarjana muda. Sejak pemergian mendiang Balachendran, Lakshumanan memutuskan untuk berhenti kerja dan menumpukan sepenuh tenaga di tanah perkuburan ini.

"Apabila bapa kami mengalami masalah kesihatan dan lumpuh sebahagian tubuh, saya sedar bahawa tradisi pengurusan kubur ini akan berakhir jika salah seorang daripada tujuh orang adik-beradik tidak meneruskannya secara serius. Maka, saya berhenti kerja pada awal tahun 1990-an dan memikul tanggungjawab yang saya anggap sebagai suatu amanah," katanya.

Saya, Neelakanthan dan Murugan seronok mendengar pengalaman serta proses pengebumian dan pembakaran mayat secara tradisional mengikut hukum-hakam agama Hindu dan budaya India yang masih dipegang oleh keluarga ini tanpa kompromi.

"Ada banyak kisah dan pengalaman istimewa yang mungkin orang ramai tidak akan percaya kalau kami ceritakan. Misalnya, mengenai pengalaman melihat roh – bukan hantu – dan kuasa-kuasa ghaib yang sebenarnya memang wujud di tanah-tanah perkuburan," Lakshumanan menceritakan sambil dipersetujui oleh kembarnya, Raman yang hadir sama dalam sesi perbualan itu.

Mengimbau kenangan silam, beliau menceritakan bahawa penggali kubur pada tahun 1980-an hanya dibayar lima ringgit untuk menyempurnakan pengebumian jenazah. Bagi menguruskan pembakaran jenazah pula, bayarannya sepuluh ringgit.

Raman yang turut terlibat dalam kerja-kerja di tanah perkuburan sejak usia kanak-kanak mencelah untuk menghuraikan bahawa tugas mengorek lubang mengambil masa purata empat jam. Beliau masih ingat bagaimana mereka berdua bertungkus-lumus mengorek lubang bersaiz 9 kaki (panjang), 4 kaki (lebar) dan 7 kaki (dalam) selepas pulang dari sekolah untuk membantu mendiang bapa.

"Bukanlah mudah untuk mengorek tanah untuk mengebumikan jenazah kerana semuanya bergantung pada komposisi tanah. Banyak pengalaman yang kami pernah lalui. Selalu juga terpaksa menahan gigitan semut dan serangga lain. Bayaran yang diterima memang tidak seberapa tetapi kami teruskan demi mengekalkan tradisi," katanya.

Tapak pengebumian sudah penuh

Lakshumanan menjelaskan bahawa berikutan mesyuarat dan perbincangan pada awal 1990-an, bayaran sepuluh ringgit bagi pembakaran jenazah dan lima ringgit bagi pengebumian jenazah dinaikkan kepada tiga puluh ringgit dan lima belas ringgit. Itu pun tentulah hanya jika ada kematian dan jika jenazah tidak dibawa ke tanah perkuburan lain atau ke tempat pembakaran moden yang menggunakan mesin.

Tanah perkuburan yang diuruskan oleh keluarga Lakshumanan pada mulanya kawasan hutan yang dibersihkan sedikit demi sedikit. Pada suatu masa dahulu, keluasannya sekitar 14 ekar tetapi kemudian mengecil kepada tujuh setengah ekar. Malah, kini keluasan tanah perkuburan itu antara lima dan enam ekar sahaja.

Lakshumanan tidak mahu menghurai lanjut mengenai perkara itu kerana bimbang menyentuh sensitiviti pihak tertentu. Tambahan pula, tanah perkuburan berkenaan diuruskan oleh jawatankuasa sebuah kuil dan keluarga beliau hanya menjalankan kerja-kerja yang diamanahkan demi meneruskan tradisi tinggalan generasi terdahulu.

Kami dibawa melawat sekitar tanah perkuburan itu sambil diberikan penerangan lanjut dan terperinci oleh Lakshumanan. Tiga tapak khas yang disediakan untuk membakar jenazah secara tradisional menggunakan kayu pokok getah menarik perhatian saya. Tambahan pula, dua daripadanya sudah siap disusun memandangkan dua jenazah akan dibakar pada hari berkenaan.

Pengurus kubur itu menerangkan bahawa tapak perkuburan sudah penuh dan mereka tidak dapat menerima permintaan untuk mengebumikan jenazah baru. Perlu dinyatakan bahawa dalam budaya India-Hindu, ada jenazah yang dikebumikan dan ada yang dibakar; seperti saya terangkan dalam makalah bertajuk "Menghadapi Kematian".

Menurut Lakshumanan, ada juga keluarga si mati yang meminta supaya abu daripada jenazah ditanam di kubur. Permintaan itu juga terpaksa ditolak kerana sudah tidak ada ruang kosong. Maka, abu perlu dibawa untuk dicairkan di sungai atau laut mengikut tradisi.

Beliau menjelaskan bahawa memang ada banyak upacara yang perlu dibuat apabila jenazah dibakar. Sejak turun-temurun, keluarga mereka tidak mahu berkompromi dalam hal ini. Keunikan itulah juga yang membuatkan ramai orang tetap memilih tanah perkuburan yang mereka uruskan apabila ada kematian dalam kalangan ahli keluarga.

Bukan sekadar misteri roh dan mayat

Semasa melawat tanah perkuburan, saya perhatikan beberapa batu nesan yang tumbang dan ada juga tanda-tanda beberapa bahagian di kawasan itu seperti pernah dikorek menggunakan jentera berat. Lakshumanan mengakui bahawa pernah ada kerja-kerja mengorek dilakukan pihak tertentu; tetapi beliau enggan mengulas lanjut.

Nampaknya tanah perkuburan memang penuh dengan misteri! Bukan hanya misteri berkaitan hantu, roh dan mayat seperti yang sering diperkatakan, tetapi juga mengenai kumpulan manusia yang masih hidup serta diberikan amanah menguruskan tanah rizab kubur Hindu.

Saya pernah membaca laporan di beberapa media mengenai isu melibatkan "politik" tanah perkuburan di sekitar Ipoh. Misalnya, laporan di Malaysia Nanban, Tamil Nesan dan Makkal Osai dari Julai 2010 hingga Julai 2011.

Tidak ketinggalan juga peristiwa penyerahan memorandum bertarikh 5 Ogos 2011 oleh Human Rights Party (HRP Perak) kepada Menteri Besar, Datuk Seri Dr Zambry Abd Kadir unuk meminta kerajaan negeri "membina incinerator krematorium moden bagi masyarakat Bukan Islam di atas sebidang tanah yang selain daripada tanah perkuburan rizab Hindu di Buntong, Ipoh".

Hasil carian di internet, saya mendapati bahawa satu lagi memorandum susulan disampaikan oleh HRP kepada Zambry – dengan salinan kepada Perdana Menteri tercinta, Datuk Seri Najib Razak – pada 29 Mei 2012 bagi "menuntut menunaikan janji Kerajaan BN Negeri Perak untuk membina krematorium moden bagi masyarakat yang beragama Hindu di Buntong dan Taiping sebelum PRU-13".

HRP mahu supaya semua kubur dan krematorium masyarakat beragama Hindu digazetkan dan diselenggarakan oleh kerajaan tempatan serta "tidak sepatutnya menganaktirikan dan menolak tugas kerajaan tempatan kepada pertubuhan bukan kerajaan, pihak pengurusan kuil dan parti MIC untuk menguruskan dan menyelenggaranya".

Bagaimanapun, saya memilih untuk tidak mengemukakan pertanyaan berhubung isu-isu itu kepada Raman dan Lakshumanan kerana tidak mahu meletakkan mereka dalam situasi penuh dilema.

Mereka adalah generasi keenam yang tekun dan penuh dedikasi menguruskan tanah rizab perkuburan Hindu di Buntong sejak sekitar 200 tahun lalu. Raman khabarnya akan berkahwin tahun hadapan manakala Lakshumanan masih bujang. Seorang lagi adik mereka yang turut membantu, juga belum berkahwin.

Pembakaran jenazah masih dilakukan secara tradisional dan konvensional.

Meneruskan legasi turun-temurun

Lalu, apakah tradisi yang diwarisi ini akan mampu diteruskan sebagai sebuah legasi demi mengekalkan budaya dan keunikan upacara agama Hindu?  Soalan saya disambut dengan ketawa penuh makna oleh pasangan kembar berkenaan yang berumur 41 tahun.

"Harapan kami adalah bahawa apabila kami berkahwin dan masing-masing ada anak, maka anak-anak itu akan meneruskan tradisi ini. Apa yang pasti, kami tidak mahu tradisi keluarga kami terkubur begitu sahaja," kata Lakshumanan dengan penuh yakin selepas ketawanya reda.

Menurut beliau, datuknya meninggal dunia pada usia melebihi 70 tahun, lalu amanah menguruskan tanah perkuburan itu diambil alih oleh bapa mereka.

"Kalaulah wang menjadi perkiraan, tentulah bapa, datuk dan moyang kami tidak terlibat dalam pekerjaan ini. Tentu mereka tidak bertungkus-lumus mempertahankan tanah perkuburan ini. Bagi keturunan kami, tradisi keluarga perlu dipelihara dan terus menjadi legasi.

"Ibu dan mendiang bapa selalu berpesan, walau setinggi mana pun kami adik-beradik belajar dan sibuk dengan pekerjaan bergaji sebesar mana pun, kami tetap perlu bersedia untuk bekerja di tanah perkuburan ini. Walaupun tanah rizab ini bukan milik kami, tetapi ia menjadi tapak bagi meneruskan tradisi keluarga sejak turun-temurun," katanya dengan penuh semangat.

Walaupun menghadapi cabaran dan rintangan yang datang dari pelbagai sudut dan daripada pelbagai pihak, keluarganya tetap mampu bertahan serta mengekalkan tradisi dan integriti. Tidak semuanya dapat saya catatkan di sini secara terbuka.

Sambil kami melawat tanah perkuburan, Lakshumanan turut berkongsi pelbagai cerita suka dan duka, aneh dan pelik melibatkan tingkah-laku orang ramai yang datang ke tempat berkenaan. Tentu sahaja lawatan saya ke mana-mana tanah perkuburan tidak akan sama selepas ini.

* Uthaya Sankar SB gemar mengunjungi tempat-tempat yang unik untuk meneroka kisah-kisah yang kurang diketahui umum.

** Ini adalah pandangan peribadi penulis

Kredit: http://www.themalaysianinsider.com

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DAP gesa BN benar perkataan ‘Allah’ dalam Bible sempena Krismas

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 01:42 AM PST

Lim menggesa kerajaan Persekutuan untuk membenarkan perkataan "Allah" dalam al-kitab penganut Kristian sempena musim Krismas.

KUALA LUMPUR, 24 Nov — Kerajaan Persekutuan digesa untuk membenarkan penggunaan kalimah "Allah" dalam kitab Bible berbahasa Melayu sepertimana yang dibenarkan di Malaysia Timur sejak 50 tahun lalu.

Dalam perutusan Krismas Setiausaha Agung DAP Lim Guan Eng hari ini,  gesaan itu dibuat berikutan kerajaan Barisan Nasional (BN) jelasnya sering melaungkan bahawa mereka mesra rakyat yang membawa keamanan, kemakmuran berlandaskan prinsip kebenaran, kebebasan, keadilan, demokrasi termasuk juga integriti.

"Selain membenarkan perkataan Allah seperti yang digunakan di Sabah dan Sarawak sejak 50 tahun lalu dan ribuan tahun di negara Timur Tengah, BN juga harus menghentikan taktik menakutkan pengundi Melayu dengan mendakwa negara Kristian akan tertubuh di negara ini.

"Penganut Kristian tidak pernah mahu menubuhkan sebuah negara Kristian di negara ini ... mereka taat kepada Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang mengiktiraf Islam sebagai agama rasmi Malaysia," katanya dalam perutusan tersebut.

Akhbar The Herald menerima masalah apabila Kementerian Dalam Negeri (KDN) menghalamg penerbitan bahasa Melayu Bible - Al Kitab - daripada menggunakan kalimah Allah bagi merujuk kepada Tuhan agama Kristian.

Mahkamah bagaimanapun pada 2009 memutuskan tindakan KDN itu bercanggah dengan sistem perundangan, dan penghakiman tersebut menyebabkan siri serangan ke atas beberapa gereja di negara ini.

Kerajaan Persekutuan berhujah penggunaan perkataan Allah adalah eksklusif untuk komuniti Islam sahaja.

Ngeh pertahan dirinya terima pangkat ‘Datuk’

Posted: 24 Dec 2012 01:10 AM PST

Ngeh tetap mempertahankan penerimaan pangkat "Datuk" pada 2008.

KUALA LUMPUR, 24 Dis — Pengerusi DAP Perak, Datuk Ngeh Koo Ham hari ini mempertahankan dirinya untuk menerima pangkat "Datuk" pada 2008, berkata pimpinan parti telah membenarkannya menerima anugerah tersebut dari Sultan Perak.

Beliau menjawab kenyataan pengerusi DAP kebangsaan, Karpal Singh semalam, dimana pemimpin veteran tersebut berkata adalah menjadi polisi DAP untuk menolak semua anugerah kerajaan kecuali mereka yang diberi atas dasar keberanian atau apabila sudah bersara dari politik.

Karpal berkata Ngeh dan Speaker Dewan Undangan Negeri Selangor Datuk Teng Chang Khim gagal "menyerahkan" anugerah mereka walaupun diminta melakukan sedemikian. Teng menerima anugerah "Datuk" pada 2010 dari Sultan Selangor.

Ngeh berkata sebelum beliau menerima pangkat "Datuk", isu ini pernah diketengahkan dalam mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Eksekutif Pusat (CEC) dimana majoriti berkata beliau "harus menerima anugerah itu", tetapi Karpal menentang idea tersebut.

"Saya harap saudara Karpal Singh akan menerima keputusan majoriti CEC dan tidak menggunakan isu ini untuk memecahbelahkan kepimpinan parti.

"Jika saudara Karpal Singh mahu bertegas dengan pandangannya, beliau seharusnya membawa isu ini kepada CEC," kata Ngeh dalam kenyataannya hari ini.

Karpal berkata semalam bahawa ahli parti DAP hanya boleh menerima anugerah selepas mereka bersara dari politik, dengan menyebut beberapa contoh seperti bekas ahli parlimen Bukit Mertajam Chian Heng Kai, bekas ahli dewan undangan negeri (ADUN) Pulau Pinang Batu Lanchang mendiang Tan Loo Jit, dan bekas ADUN Pulau Pinang Berapit Wong Hang Yoke yang menerima pangkat "Datuk". 

Ahli parlimen Bukit Gelugor itu berkata tindakan displin keras akan diambil kepada mereka yang melanggar polisi parti.

Beliau menolak dakwaan DAP menolak raja-raja Melayu dengan tidak menerima anugerah, dengan berkata polisi parti juga termasuk anugerah yang diberi oleh Yang Dipertua Negeri di Pulau Pinang, Melaka, Sabah dan Sarawak.

Kredit: http://www.themalaysianinsider.com
 

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